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钱学森论地理科学

马蔼乃

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第1期页码 1-8

摘要：

钱学森在现代人类知识体系11个门类中，将地理科学归结为自然科学与社会科学之间的桥梁科学；在五大开放的复杂巨系统中，把地理系统排在星系系统与社会系统之间；在社会总体设计部下设四大建设中，将地理建设与政治文明、物质文明、精神文明建设并列。钱学森把地理科学看做是举足轻重的科学体系。钱学森从哲学高度，从人类知识体系的高度，从复杂性系统科学的理论框架中，从社会总体设计工程的实践出发，把地理学提升到为国民经济服务的科学，因此，地理科学具有重要的理论与实践意义，必须重新认识地理。

关键词：地理科学理论地理科学地理信息科学地理系统工程

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工程移民决策支持研究

王家耀,姚松龄

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第9期页码 80-84

摘要：

工程移民指工程建设引起的非自愿的搬迁安置活动，工程移民决策包括规划决策和管理决策，这在国内外都是一个新课题，基于GIS的工程移民DSS是实施科学决策的有效手段，文章对工程移民决策支持的理论、方法进行了探讨，并结合万家寨工程移民决策支持进行了试验。

关键词：工程移民决策支持地理信息系统（GIS) 决策支持系统（DSS)

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Research on the Giant and Complex Financial Information System Engineering Management from the Perspectiveof Meta-synthesis Methodology—with the Bank Card Information Exchange System Engineering as a Sample

Hong-feng Chai,Quan Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 404-413 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016037

摘要： The paper empirically studies the engineering practices of the national currency circulation information system-China Union Pay’s Bankcard Information Exchange System. By integrating the meta-synthesis methodology and the financial information system engineering, the paper proposes basic principles and processes of the giant and complex financial information system engineering management, and further explores its paradigm and toolkit.

关键词： financial information system meta-synthesis methodology bank card information exchange

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Effect of land use and land cover change on soil erosion and the spatio-temporal variation in Liupan Mountain Region, southern Ningxia, China

Bin QUAN, M. J. M. R?MKENS, Rui LI, Fang WANG, Jie CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 564-572 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0348-9

摘要： The Liupan Mountains are located in the southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, that forms an important divide between landforms and bio-geographic regions. The populated part of the Liupan Mountain Region has suffered tremendous ecological damage over time due to population pressure, excessive demand and inappropriate use of agricultural land resources. To present the relationship between land use/cover change and spatio-temporal variation of soil erosion, data sets of land use between the late 1980s and 2000 were obtained from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, and spatial models were used to characterize landscape and soil erosion conditions. Also, soil erosion in response to land use and land cover change were quantified and analyzed using data from geographical information systems and remote sensing. Soil erosion by water was the dominant mode of soil loss, while soil erosion by wind was only present on a relatively small area. The degree of soil erosion was classified into five severity classes: slight, light, moderate, severe, and very severe. Soil erosion in the Liupan Mountain Region increased between the late 1980s and 2000, both in terms of acreage and severity. Moderate, severe, and very severe eroded areas accounted for 54.86% of the total land area. The lightly eroded area decreased, while the moderately eroded area increased by 368817 ha (22%) followed by severe erosion with 146552 ha (8.8%), and very severe erosion by 97067.6 ha (5.8%). Soil loss on sloping cropland increased with slope gradients. About 90% of the cropland was located on slopes less than 15°. Most of the increase in soil erosion on cropland was due to conversion of steep slopes to cropland and degradation of grassland and increased activities. Soil erosion was severe on grassland with a moderate or low grass cover and on dry land. Human activities, cultivation on steep slopes, and overgrazing of pastures were the main reasons for the increase in erosion severity.

关键词： land use/land cover change soil erosion geographical information system remote sensing Liupan Mountain Region

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Design of a digital currency information system based on the UnionPay network

Hongfeng CHAI, Quan SUN, Yu ZHOU, Tao ZHU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 471-484 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0134-0

摘要： Digital currency can reduce the issuance and circulation costs of physical cash and improve the convenience and transparency of economic activities. Therefore, digital currency has received widespread attention from central banks in recent years. As an important financial infrastructure, the UnionPay network is expected to provide effective support for the construction and operation of a digital currency system. This study uses the UnionPay network as basis to systematically propose a digital currency information system from three aspects, namely, digital currency account opening, exchange, and use, and further expounds on the operation mechanism of a digital currency information system prototype. This study also discusses how to apply blockchain technology to digital currency, such as using distributed ledger for digital currency confirmation and registration and using blockchain-enabled smart contracts to realize the forward guidance function of the central bank digital currency. Lastly, the current research introduces the value of using the UnionPay network to support the operation of a digital currency information system and its technical challenges, aiming to provide beneficial guidance and reference for future research effort.

关键词： UnionPay network digital currency information system blockchain smart contracts

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关于农业信息科学形成的讨论

王人潮,黄敬峰,史舟,王珂

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第6期页码 80-83

摘要：

文章从农业信息科学发展的科学背景、技术背景和应用背景，提出农业信息科学的定义及其科学体系，着重讨论了作为一门应用科学的农业信息科学的核心——农业信息技术的组成及其功能。

关键词：农业信息科学农业信息技术卫星遥感技术地理信息技术全球定位技术计算机网络技术

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Connecting Information to Promote Public Health

Xue-mei Su,Jia Zhao

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 384-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016054

摘要： With the development of information technology in the past 12 years, China has established the specialized or vertical web-based information systems for data collection of disease and related risk factor. These information systems are described as public health information systems (PHIS) in China. When PHIS has thus evolved in a haphazard and fragmented way under the pressure administrative, economic and legal, local health workers who are overburdened with multiple and time-consuming reporting requirements cannot deliver timely, accurate and complete data. Seeing that the information of disease surveillance is provided by hospitals and health service centers in China and that the development of electronic medical record (EMR) and electronic health record (EHR) occurs under the policy and investment of health since 2009 in China, there should be a connection and data sharing mechanism between EMR (EHR) and PHIS to support public health surveillance and public health decision-making. The paper aims at discussing current status and problems of PHIS in China, making a brief introduction on the blueprint of health information technology in China, exploring solution for interoperability between PHIS and EHR (EMR), and sharing some experiences and lessons from pilot project on automatic notifiable infectious disease reporting.

关键词： public health information system data exchange China

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信息安全系统观

林代茂

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第8期页码 21-25

摘要：

给出了信息安全的三层涵义，指出信息安全学科是自然科学与社会科学的融合体。从社会工程角度给出系统的概念，从部件、接缝、人员、环境四方面探讨了系统与信息安全的关系，提出了信息安全设计的必要步骤,并以通信系统为例分析了影响信息安全的因素。

关键词：信息安全安全系数信息隐藏接缝威胁

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复杂信息系统构建的新方法——多活性代理方法

王越

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第5期页码 29-32

摘要：

在分析复杂信息系统的基础上，以系统理论为指导，借用多代理技术的思想，针对强对抗、强约束条件下复杂信息系统的特点，提出了复杂信息系统构建的一种新方法——多活性代理方法（MLAM, multi living agent method）；同时，在系统层次上指出了基于多活性代理复杂信息系统的基本内涵、与现有系统理论之间的衔接和区别；最后给出了基于活性代理方法的复杂信息系统研究的基本内容和两个例子。希望多活性代理方法和研究内容的提出可以进一步促进科研人员开展复杂信息系统的研究，开辟新的研究领域。

关键词：多活性代理方法复杂信息系统系统理论

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深海信息体系构想及关键技术

夏学知,陈雁飞,曹江丽

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第6期页码 102-105 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.019

摘要：

深海资源开发和科学研究涉及的深海作业任务中，信息体系是深海装备协同并发挥体系作用的关键因素。本文分析了构建深海信息体系以支撑装备协同环境的需求，探讨了信息体系的构成要素、面临问题、构建重点和关键技术，从加强顶层规划、聚焦关键技术、适时示范应用等角度给出了深海信息体系的发展建议。

关键词：深海利用信息体系体系构建智能化

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地理信息系统的发展与发展中的地理信息系统

王家耀

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 10-16

摘要：

针对目前对地理信息系统（ GIS）的发展缺乏系统、规律性研究的问题，分析了地理信息系统产生和发展的社会前景、技术背景和学科背景；探讨了随着计算机通信网络技术的发展而引起的GIS体系结构和软件开发模式的变化，认为开放式GIS思想和组件式GIS更适合网络（网格）环境下数据服务和功能的服务分布式特点；提出GIS将向以网络服务（ Web service）和网格服务（ Grid service）为主要形式的开放式GIS方向发展，论述了基于网络服务的地理信息共享与数据互操作的基本架构及其特点，指出Grid service为实现信息资源共享和协同解决问题提供了新的机遇和技术途径，强调Web service和Grid service的核心都是服务，两者既相互联系又有区别。

关键词： GIS 体系结构开发模式 Web service Grid service

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信息系统动力学的基础和应用 Article

许建峰, 刘振宇, 王树良, 郑涛, 王雅实, 王赢飞, 党迎旭

《工程（英文）》 2023年第27卷第8期页码 254-265 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.018

摘要：

Although numerous advances have been made in information technology in the past decades, there is still a lack of progress in information systems dynamics (ISD), owing to the lack of a mathematical foundation needed to describe information and the lack of an analytical framework to evaluate information systems. The value of ISD lies in its ability to guide the design, development, application, and evaluation of large-scale information system-of-systems (SoSs), just as mechanical dynamics theories guide mechanical systems engineering. This paper reports on a breakthrough in these fundamental challenges by proposing a framework for information space, improving a mathematical theory for information measurement, and proposing a dynamic configuration model for information systems. In this way, it establishes a basic theoretical framework for ISD. The proposed theoretical methodologies have been successfully applied and verified in the Smart Court SoSs Engineering Project of China and have achieved significant improvements in the quality and efficiency of Chinese court informatization. The proposed ISD provides an innovative paradigm for the analysis, design, development, and evaluation of large-scale complex information systems, such as electronic government and smart cities.

关键词： System-of-systems engineering Information theory Information measurement Information systems dynamics Judicial informatization

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EAI-oriented information classification code system in manufacturing enterprises

WANG Junbiao, DENG Hu, JIANG Jianjun, YANG Binghong, WANG Bailing

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第1期页码 81-85 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0011-8

摘要： Although the traditional information classification coding system in manufacturing enterprises (MEs) emphasizes the construction of code standards, it lacks the management of the code creation, code data transmission and so on. According to the demands of enterprise application integration (EAI) in manufacturing enterprises, an enterprise application integration oriented information classification code system (EAIO-ICCS) is proposed. EAIO-ICCS expands the connotation of the information classification code system and assures the identity of the codes in manufacturing enterprises with unified management of codes at the view of its lifecycle.

关键词： EAI EAIO-ICCS management classification connotation

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构建我国农业信息化技术支持体系的探讨

郭书普,张立平,沈基长,董伟

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第9期页码 89-94

摘要：

阐述了农业信息化的基本特征，介绍了农业信息化技术支持体系的发展现状，分析了存在的问题，指出现阶段加快农业信息技术体系建设应当重点抓好农业信息贮藏技术的研究、农业信息应用技术的开发、农业信息传播网络的建设。

关键词：农业信息化技术支持体系信息贮藏技术信息应用技术信息传播网络

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军事地理信息系统的现状与发展

王家耀

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第12期页码 28-31

摘要：

在信息作战条件下，军事地理信息系统（MGIS）作为作战指挥自动化、数字化战场和现代武器系统的战场地理环境平台备受世界各国的重视。美国投入了大量人力、物力和财力先后研制并使用了地形分析系统等一系列应用系统，目前正着手研制地理影像情报综合管理系统（TPED）和地理影像与地理空间信息系统。我国的MGIS起步较晚，但发展很快，已成功地研制出了第一个具有自主版权的MGIS工具软件。该软件采用层次化体系结构和面向对象的设计方法，具有功能齐全、结构紧密、安全性好等特点。文章在分析国内外MGIS的基础上，着重介绍了军事地理信息系统软件的研制特点，并对军事地理信息系统进一步发展要解决的若干问题进行了探讨。

关键词：军事地理信息系统工具软件支撑软件